Sources & References
The scientific foundations behind Kairo's recommendations.
Calorie Calculation
The daily calorie recommendations in Kairo are based on the Mifflin-St Jeor Equation, one of the most accurate formulas for estimating Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR).
Mifflin MD et al.: A new predictive equation for resting energy expenditure (PubMed)BMI Classification
The BMI categories in Kairo follow the World Health Organization (WHO) classifications for adults.
WHO: Obesity and overweight (Fact Sheet)Nutrient Reference Values
The recommended daily values for macro- and micronutrients are based on the D-A-CH reference values from the German Nutrition Society (DGE).
DGE: Nutrient Reference ValuesFood Nutrition Data
The per-100g nutrition values on our food pages are based on official food-composition databases, primarily USDA FoodData Central and the reference values of the German Nutrition Society (DGE), and are cross-referenced with other official datasets.
USDA FoodData Central: fdc.nal.usda.govWeight Management
Weight management recommendations are aligned with the World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines for a healthy diet.
WHO: Healthy diet (Fact Sheet)Health Claims
All health-related claims in the app comply with the EU Register of nutrition and health claims pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006.
EU Register of nutrition and health claimsCalorie Underreporting
The claim that people underestimate their daily calorie intake by over 40% is based on a study by Lichtman et al. (1992), which demonstrated a significant discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake.
Lichtman SW et al.: Discrepancy between self-reported and actual caloric intake and exercise in obese subjects (NEJM, 1992)